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Examine knowledge, ethics and Indian philosophical traditions through examples.
10 GUIDES · ENGLISH & HINDI
Start with a level that fits what you already know. Each guide includes explanations, practice and answers. About learning levels →
Philosophy & reasoning
BeginnerWhen friends disagree about success, fairness or a good life, they may be using the same word for different ideas.
Learning outcome: Turn a broad disagreement into a precise question, distinguish different kinds of inquiry, and improve an answer through a counterexample.
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BeginnerAn argument is more than a disagreement.
Learning outcome: Map an argument, test a conditional claim, distinguish deduction from induction, and repair common errors without attacking the speaker.
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IntermediateEthical decisions ask what we ought to do and why.
Learning outcome: Apply three ethical lenses to a concrete choice, recognise their limits, and justify an action without reducing people to numbers or intentions.
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IntermediateYou can believe a bus leaves at nine, correctly guess that it leaves at nine, or know its departure time from a reliable current timetable.
Learning outcome: Distinguish truth, belief and justification; compare perception, inference and testimony; and explain why appropriate confidence may change with new evidence.
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IntermediateDoes being aware of a changing thought make awareness itself another changing thing? Classical Sāṃkhya develops a distinctive answer.
Learning outcome: Explain puruṣa and prakṛti, trace the twenty-five principles, and apply the distinctions between mental activity, identification and witnessing to a worked example.
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IntermediateAn appearance can guide our actions and still depend on something we have misunderstood.
Learning outcome: Explain self and Brahman, distinguish the orders of reality, and follow how superimposition and correction work in two everyday examples.
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IntermediateHow does suffering arise without a permanent owner standing behind every experience? This lesson studies selected Pāli Nikāya discourses preserved in the Theravāda tradition.
Learning outcome: Explain conditioned arising, analyse the five aggregates, and use two examples without reducing a liberation teaching to a modern psychological trick.
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IntermediateCan something persist while also changing? Can two speakers disagree because each leaves an important qualification unstated? Jaina philosophy develops a rich account of these questions.
Learning outcome: Distinguish aspects from opinions, analyse qualified assertions, and use disagreement to improve precision without excusing factual error.
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AdvancedHow can a reason carry us beyond what we immediately see? Classical Nyāya offers an exacting account of knowledge, inference and discussion.
Learning outcome: Identify the parts of an inference, reconstruct a five-member demonstration, and locate the precise point where an attractive argument fails.
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AdvancedA model can predict accurately without telling us every cause, and a failed prediction does not identify its own source of failure.
Learning outcome: Identify what a model represents, reconstruct the logic of a test, and explain when revising an assumption is informative rather than an excuse to avoid evidence.
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