Purnima Lallan Sharma Foundation · Est. 2021
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Biology: how living things work

Begin with the cell, then connect plant processes, nutrition, respiration and transport.

4 lessons · Learn at your own pace

Begin the first lesson →
A close view of green leaves with visible central and branching veins.
Leaf veins photographed in Chiavari, Italy, in 2016. · Alessandro Puzielli · CC BY-SA 4.0

Learn, practise, explain

Try the exercise before reading its explanation. Answer the self-check questions in your own words, then compare your reasoning with the answers. Revisit any difficult section before moving on. No account or payment is needed.

  1. 01

    Cells and the processes that keep life going

    A living cell is a working system, not just a labelled circle. Connect each structure to a task, then explain why cells need boundaries, exchanges, energy and information.

    Learning outcome: Link organelles with functions, distinguish diffusion from osmosis, and reason about cell size, specialisation and evidence from microscope drawings.

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  2. 02

    Photosynthesis and transport: how a plant supplies its cells

    A tree gains material, captures energy and moves water without a heart. Follow carbon, water and sugars through the plant to understand how those jobs fit together.

    Learning outcome: Distinguish matter inputs from energy input, explain stomatal trade-offs, and reason about water transport and net gas-exchange measurements.

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  3. 03

    Digestion and nutrition: from food to useful molecules

    Food does not travel directly from the plate into a muscle. Follow physical breakdown, chemical digestion, absorption and transport, and see why these are related but different processes.

    Learning outcome: Explain the work of the main digestive organs, connect enzyme action with surface area, and interpret simple composition data without turning it into a personal diet prescription.

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  4. 04

    Respiration and circulation: connecting air, blood and cells

    Breathing moves air, blood moves materials, and cells transform chemical energy. Trace these connected processes without treating the lungs, heart or a pulse reading as the whole explanation.

    Learning outcome: Explain ventilation, diffusion and double circulation, then distinguish the rate of moving air or blood from the rate at which tissues actually receive oxygen.

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