Purnima Lallan Sharma Foundation · Est. 2021
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FREE LEARNING SERIES

Understand institutions and public life

Follow the making of a law, local responsibilities, public budgets and electoral representation.

4 lessons · Learn at your own pace

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The circular historic Parliament House in New Delhi behind trees, a road and landscaped gardens.
The historic Parliament House in New Delhi, photographed in 2014. · Nikhil B (Nikhilb239) · CC BY-SA 4.0

Learn, practise, explain

Try the exercise before reading its explanation. Answer the self-check questions in your own words, then compare your reasoning with the answers. Revisit any difficult section before moving on. No account or payment is needed.

  1. 01

    How Parliament makes a law: follow an ordinary Bill

    A headline may say that a Bill was introduced, passed, or became law. These describe different events. Learn to follow the text and the official record before deciding what has changed.

    Learning outcome: Trace a fictional Bill, distinguish passage from commencement, and explain why every Bill involving money is not a Money Bill.

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  2. 02

    Local government: panchayats, municipalities and everyday services

    A broken streetlight or blocked drain raises two questions: who is responsible, and what evidence helps them act? Learn the structure of local government and a practical way to trace a service.

    Learning outcome: Distinguish a Gram Sabha from a Gram Panchayat, map a service responsibility, and prepare a factual request without promising a guaranteed result.

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  3. 03

    Read a public budget and ask evidence-based questions

    A large allocation is a useful starting point, but it does not tell you what was spent or what changed for people. Learn to read the labels, compare like with like, and connect spending with results.

    Learning outcome: Calculate a budget change, distinguish BE, RE and Actuals, and turn a spending claim into a fair, specific question.

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  4. 04

    Elections and representation: find reliable voter information

    Understanding an election begins with the office being filled, the voting system and the correct electoral roll. Learn how to locate official information without relying on forwarded claims or assuming that an identity card answers every question.

    Learning outcome: Distinguish parliamentary, assembly and local representation; interpret a fictional election result; and prepare a safe checklist for finding current official voter information.

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